Mexico

Summary

Mexico presents moderate risk for crawling. The Federal Penal Code Arts. 211 bis 1–7 criminalise unauthorised access to computer systems protected by security mechanisms, but courts have not applied these to public-page scraping. The Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) has a closed list of exceptions — no fair use, no TDM — so scraping copyrighted content for AI training is likely infringement. Anti-circumvention provisions (LFDA Art. 114 Bis, USMCA/T-MEC mandated, in force July 2020) prohibit bypassing effective technological protection measures. Data protection is fast-moving: INAI was dissolved and replaced by the Secretaría Anticorrupción y Buen Gobierno under the new LFPDPPP (in force March 21 2025). Key additions include explicit consent for cookies and digital tracking, stricter rules for repurposing personal data, and extraterritorial scope for foreign processors. An LFDA reform published May 14 2026 (DOF) protects performers' voice and image against AI cloning and requires explicit consent for AI-generated reproductions, but introduces no TDM exception. No sui generis database right exists. Overall, public-page crawling of non-personal, non-copyrighted data is tolerable; privacy and copyright caution required.