Israel
Municipalities Ordinance
Formally: פקודת העיריות [נוסח חדש]
Municipalities Ordinance [New Version], s. 139, and Local Councils Order (A), s. 42
43/100
Sunshine Score
43/100
Weak
Methodology v0.1
| Advance Notice | 3 days, online posting required |
|---|---|
| Public Comment | Not required |
| Closed Sessions | 5 permitted categories |
| Minutes | Required |
| Recording | Not required |
| Remote Participation | Allowed |
| Enforcement | Voidable, legislature exempt |
Agenda & Notice Requirements
Regular Meetings
3 days
Online posting: Required
Public Participation
Public Comment
Not required
Written Comment
Not allowed
Virtual Meetings
Member Remote Participation
Allowed
Public Remote Comment
Not allowed
Closed Sessions
Closed (executive) sessions: Allowed under specific circumstances
Permitted Categories
Meeting Minutes
Minutes Required
Yes
Online posting: Not required
Recording & Broadcast
Recording Required
No
Broadcast Required
No
Enforcement
Violation Effect
Voidable
Standing to Sue
Any person with a legitimate interest may seek judicial review
Enforcement Body
Administrative Courts (Beit Mishpat Minhali)
Scope
This law applies to:
Legislature: Exempt (follows own rules)
Sources & References
Notes
Israel's Municipalities Ordinance (1964 consolidation) and the parallel Local Councils Order govern עיריות (cities), מועצות מקומיות (local councils), and מועצות אזוריות (regional councils). Section 139 establishes that council meetings (ישיבות המועצה) are public; the council may close a meeting only by reasoned majority vote on specific grounds. Notice, agenda, and minutes rules are set by the Local Authorities Regulations. The Ministry of Interior supervises compliance; the State Comptroller audits local authority practice. Israel also has a 1998 Freedom of Information Law that applies to meeting records.