Kazakhstan's 2001 Law on Local State Administration and Self-Government governs maslikhats (local representative bodies) and akimats (local executive bodies). Art. 10 provides that maslikhat sessions are open; public attendance is formally permitted. In practice, Kazakhstan has centralised administration and public access is often discretionary. Local self-government reforms in 2021–2023 introduced direct election of village akims and expanded maslikhat powers but transparency implementation remains uneven.
