Provedor de Justiça
Summary
The Provedor de Justiça (Justice Ombudsman) is constitutionally established under Article 23 of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic and governed by Lei n.º 9/91. The Provedor is elected by the Assembleia da República (parliament) by a two-thirds majority of Members present (provided this exceeds an absolute majority of Members in office) for a renewable four-year term; a candidate may be re-elected only once. The Provedor must be a citizen meeting the qualifications for election to parliament and enjoy a reputation of integrity and independence, and is subject to the same incompatibilities as serving court judges. The office investigates complaints about acts or omissions of public authorities, may issue recommendations and suggestions, and reports annually to Parliament. Its budget is part of the Parliament's budget, ensuring independence from executive control.
Independence Scorecard
| Appointment | Supermajority legislative appointment |
|---|---|
| Term length | 4 years |
| Removal standard | For cause only |
| Budget independence | Legislative line item |
| Subpoena power | No |
| Compel testimony | No |
| Records access | Full access |
| Public reports required | Yes |
| Pre-publication review | None — reports published directly |
Statute
- Name
- Lei n.º 9/91, de 9 de Abril (Estatuto do Provedor de Justiça)
- Citation
- Lei n.º 9/91, de 9 de Abril; CRP art. 23
- Full text
- Full text of law →
Jurisdiction scope
All state bodies, public administrations, autonomous regions, local authorities, and public or private entities exercising public powers; may act on complaints from any person regardless of nationality